What Are Tannins In Wine
In wine, tannin is a textural element that makes wine taste dry.
Tannin is a naturally occurring polyphenol found in plants, seeds, bark, wood, leaves and fruit skins. About 50% of the dry weight of plant leaves are tannins. As a characteristic of wine, tannin adds both bitterness and astringency as well as complexity. Wine tannins are most commonly found in red wine, although white wines have tannin from being aged in wooden barrels.What Does Tannin Taste Like?
Tannin tastes dry and astringent and you can feel it specifically on the middle of your tongue and the front part of your mouth. Unsweetened black tea is a great example of nearly pure tannin dissolved in water.
High-Tannin Foods
Tea Leaves
Walnuts, Almonds and Nuts with Skins
Dark Chocolate
Cinnamon, Clove and other spices
Pomegranates, Grapes and Açaí Berries
Quince
Tannins in wine come from two possible places: wine grapes and wood.
Grape tannin comes from the skins, seeds and stems of a wine grape. For this reason, red wines tend to have higher tannins than white wines because the extended contact of the grapes to the juice gives the tannin time to dissolve in the alcohol and water in the wine.
Some types of wine have higher tannins than others. The Nebbiolo grape used in Italian Barolo, is a high grape tannin wine.
Wood tannins dissolve into wine through contact. Most commonly this happens when wine is stored in wooden barrels. Oak barrels are the most popular choice because of the flavors they add to wine such as vanillin.
Tannin powders, oak chips and oak staves are growing in popularity because they are more affordable. It is hard to say which is better since an oak barrel can be used in winemaking for up to 70 years.
High Tannin Wines
- Nebbiolo
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Tempranillo
- Montepulciano
- Petit Verdot
- Petite Sirah
- Barbera
- Zinfandel
- Pinot Noir
- Primitivo
- Grenache
- Merlot
The jury is still out on the connection between tannin and migraines. In order to remove tannins from your diet you’ll need to stop consuming chocolate, nuts, apple juice, tea, pomegranate and, of course, wine.
Age-worthy Wines Tannin is a key component in what makes a wine age worthy.
= = =
Friends don't let friends Vacu-Vin 4.4.13 John Cesano Ukiah Daily Journalhttp://www.localwineevents.com/resources/articles/view/896
One of my wine industry jobs was with the Wine Appreciation Guild, one of the industry's largest publishers of wine books and a one-stop distributor of both wine books and accessories. My job was to sell wine books and wine accessories to winery tasting rooms, wine shops, and other specialty merchants in 42 California counties.
One item I refused to sell.Vacu-Vin. There is no wine preservation system more ubiquitous. Gwyneth Paltrow told Oprah that it is a "must-have" in her kitchen. Every frau and pretentious wine poser in the country has one. Sales of the devices number in the tens of millions.
The manufacturers say:"The Wine Saver is a vacuum pump, which extracts the air from the opened bottle and re-seals it with a re-usable rubber stopper. Place the re-usable stopper in the bottle and extract the air from the bottle using the Wine Saver pump.
A "click" sound tells you when you have reached the optimum vacuum level. The vacuum slows down the oxidation process which makes it possible to enjoy your wine again at a later date. The question "how often do I have to pump?" is a thing of the past. The unique and patented vacuum indicator will emit a "click" sound when the correct vacuum is reached."
The Wine Appreciation Guild carried them, and everyone I worked with wanted them to sell in their stores. I had a problem. To my mind, the Vacu-Vin doesn't work:
"The "Vacu-Vin" device as submitted was evaluated to determine efficacy in reduction of oxidative spoilage in opened wines. Using the protocol described above, the "Vacu-Vin" device was found to have no measurable effect in reduction of oxidative spoilage." -Gordon Burns, ETS Laboratories, 1204 Church Street, St. Helena, CA 94574"
Vacu-vin" doesn't work, It never has. Sensorily - to me anyway - the Vacu-vin was a shuck. You could track the deterioration in each sample. Indeed, just recorking the wine worked equally as well or as badly.The (Wall Street) Journal asked Professor David Roe of the Portland State University chemistry department to test the gizmo.
At best he achieved a vacuum of somewhat less than 70 percent Š In just 90 minutes, he reported, the vacuum pressure diminished by 15 percent. I asked Professor Roe to repeat his test with a newly purchased (newer, improved', model) Vacu-Vin.
"The pump is more efficient, but no more effective," he reports. "The vacuum is the same, around 70 to 75 percent. And the leak rate is the same: After two hours you lose 25 percent of the vacuum. Overnight 12 hours the vacuum is totally gone." -Matt Kramer, "A Giant Sucking Sound And That's All"
There's no clear need for Vacu-Vin Vacuum Wine Saver and other wine-preservation systems, our tests suggest. A lot of people turn to wine-preservation systems that seek to retard or stop oxidation, the chemical process that degrades wine. If you're among those who swear by such systems, we have surprising news, based on our tests of four widely known brands: No system beat simply recorking the bottle and sticking it in the fridge." - Wine Spectator.
"Getting the air out - The Vacu-Vin Vacuum Wine Saver, $10, uses rubber stoppers (two are provided) with a pump that sucks out air.We tested three varietals with the systems on three different occasions for three different periods of time. For comparison, we also stoppered one bottle with its own cork. After all the bottles spent time in our wine cellar, expert wine consultants compared their contents in blind taste tests with freshly opened bottles. If our trained experts, with nearly 60 years in the business, couldn't discern among wine storage systems, most consumers probably can't, either. So just go ahead and cork it (you can turn the cork over if it's easier to get in). But try not to wait more than a week or so to drink the wine, and sooner is better." - Consumer Reports, December 2006
I would tell the buyers for the winery tasting rooms, the wine shops, and the kitchen stores that the Vacu-Vin doesn't work but it didn't stop most of them, because you, the home customer, wanted to buy and use these things.When I see a wine bar using a Vacu-Vin, I won't drink any but the first glass from a bottle.
Here's the deal: when you open wine and let it breathe, you are letting tannins dissipate, alcohol flush burn off, and fruit come forward. You'll find that the hot, harsh, and closed Cabernet at opening becomes a smooth delicious beverage with blackberry and currant notes with a little time. Oxygen is wine's friend initially.
While I am prepping food for dinner, I usually open a bottle, or more than one bottle if cooking for friends, pour a little of each in a separate wine glass, so I can repeatedly swirl and sniff each. I am looking for the wine to open and become perfect. At that point, I recork the bottle so I can just open, pour, and seal all the way through the meal. I know the last glass will be as good as the first. If not perfect, every glass is pretty darn good.
If I opened the wine, let it breathe, and then ignored it, the fruit would follow the tannins, and perfect would become sad. Oxygen, so important to a wine at opening, becomes wine's enemy afterward. Leaving a wine open ruins wine over time. Pumping the air out of a bottle of wine with a Vacu-Vin strips the wine of some aroma and bouquet. Each time it is used it can harm the wine. To me, a couple of seconds is like hours of damage.
Kramer described the loss of delicate notes in his piece for spectator. The Vacu-Vin doesn't even create a complete vacuum. As tested, fully 25-30 percent of the air, and oxygen, remains inside the bottle before the Vacu-Vin fails and all of the air, and oxygen returns.
To me, the worst think about the Vacu-Vin is that consumers are fooled into a false sense of preservation security and don't seek another, effective, method to save the aroma, bouquet, and flavors of a bottle of wine in between glasses.
At work, in the tasting room, I use 100 percent pure Argon, an inert gas that is heavier than oxygen, from a large tank. Shooting a little into a bottle, then recorking it, allows the Argon to settle and provide a protective blanket between wine and oxygen. Smaller home versions are available, with Private Preserve, a nitrogen/argon mix, the most easily found. More expensive, but also more efficacious, WineSave is 100 percent pure food grade Argon in a can available at WineSave.com
